Table of Contents show. These measures may include the use of fire suppression systems, explosion-proof equipment, and process modifications to reduce the potential for the release of flammable materials. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. What is physical change? It is important to note that the risk assessment should be an ongoing process, as the hazards and risks associated with a chemical process may change over time. Asar a la pa, +19 Cooper Lake Texas Lakefront Property References . It is the ability of a substance to burn or ignite when exposed to a heat source or flame. An ice cube melting. The volume of a gas is one of its characteristic properties. $5.00. In addition, workers should be properly trained on the use and maintenance of PPE, and employers should ensure that PPE is inspected and maintained on a regular basis to ensure its effectiveness. A physical property is a characteristic of matter that is not associated with a change in its chemical composition. WebThe general properties of matter such as color, density, hardness, are examples of physical properties. These types of substances are often used as fuels, solvents, or other industrial chemicals. Is being fire resistant a physical or chemical property? Salt is dull and brittle and conducts electricity when it has been dissolved into water, which it does quite easily. Gasoline is highly flammable. The elements, electrons, and bonds that are present give the matter potential for chemical change. Carbon is an interesting example of hardness. Physical properties of matter include color, hardness, malleability, solubility, electrical conductivity, density, melting point, and boiling point. Finely divided metals burn in fluorine with a bright flame. d. physical Barium melts at 725C. Physical property a characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change, such as color, density, or hardness. Compressibility of a 2dfs is specifically interesting as it is a measurable quantity through experimental procedures. Chemistry Fundamentals by Dr. Julie Donnelly, Dr. Nicole Lapeyrouse, and Dr. Matthew Rex is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Familiar examples of physical properties include density, color, hardness, melting and boiling points, and electrical conductivity. Other physical properties, such as the melting temperature of iron or the freezing temperature of water, can only be observed as matter undergoes a physical change. Flammability is a physical property of a substance. Flammability is an important safety consideration when working with hazardous materials and is used to determine the fire resistance of materials used in buildings and other structures. by. Is a characteristic of To identify a chemical property, we look for a chemical change. Flammability is the ability of a chemical to burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion. If the property depends on the amount of matter present, it is an extensive property. Physical properties, such as hardness and boiling point, and physical changes, such as melting or freezing, do not involve a change in the composition of matter. An example of a physical property is cutting a tomato. These labels and classifications are used to inform workers, transporters, and emergency responders of the hazards associated with the materials, so they can take appropriate precautions. In general, flammability testing is an important aspect of product safety and compliance in many industries. Compressibility Is A Physical Property Usually Attributed To Liquid, Solid And Gases. It is important to consider both flammability and toxicity when handling, storing, and transporting hazardous materials and to follow guidelines and regulations for their safe handling and transportation. We can identify sets of elements that exhibit common behaviors. The density (d) of a substance is an intensive property that is defined as the ratio of its mass (m) to its volume (V). WebA physical property is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance. An ice cube melting. Chemical Is solubility a physical or chemical property? Hardness helps determine how an element (especially a metal) might be used. The flammability of a substance can also play a role in the storage, transportation, and handling regulations of certain materials. Hazardous materials, also known as hazmat, are substances that are potentially dangerous to human health and the environment. WebAny liquid with a flashpoint less than 100 o F is considered to be a flammable liquid. By the end of this section, you will be able to: The characteristics that enable us to distinguish one substance from another are called properties. Chemical Students also viewed Geography & Culture Terms 44 Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gasthis is a chemical property. A drop of hot cooking oil spattered on your arm causes brief, minor discomfort, whereas a pot of hot oil yields severe burns. While many elements differ dramatically in their chemical and physical properties, some elements have similar properties. Webmelting point. physical property. 1.1 Chemistry in Context: The Scientific Method, 1.5 Measurement Uncertainty, Accuracy, and Precision, 1.6 Mathematical Treatment of Measurement Results, Why It Matters: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions, 3.4 The Wavelength Nature of Matter - Chemistry LibreTexts, 3.5 Quantum Mechanics and The Atom - Chemistry LibreTexts, 3.6 The Shape of Atomic Orbitals - Chemistry LibreTexts, [Libre clone] Why it matters: Periodic properties of the elements, 4.1 Electronic Structure of Atoms (Electron Configurations), [LibreClone] 4.2 Electron shielding and effective nuclear charge, (Libre Clone) 4.3 Periodic Trends in the Size of Atoms, (Libre Clone) 4.4 Ionization energy and Electron Affinity, [libreaClone] 4.5 Ionic Radii and Isoelectronic Series, Why It Matters: Composition of Substances and Solutions, 5.7 Determining Empirical and Molecular Formulas, 5.8 Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations, 6.4 Strengths of Ionic and Covalent Bonds, Why It Matters: Advanced Theories of Covalent Bonding, 7.2 Electron Pair Geometry versus Molecular Structure, 7.3 Molecular Polarity and Dipole Moments, Why It Matters: Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions, 8.1 Chemical Equations and Stochiometric Relationships, 8.2 Precipitation Reactions and Solublity, 8.6 Other Units for Solution Concentrations, 9.2 Relating Pressure, Volume, Amount, and Temperature: The Ideal Gas Law, 9.4 Mixtures of Gases and Partial Pressures, 9.5 Stoichiometry of Reactions Involving Gases, (Libre clone with Lumen examples) 11.4 Heating Curve for Water, 11.7 Lattice Structures in Crystalline Solids, [merged with Libre] 12.4 Solution Concentration, 12.6 Colligative Properties of Electrolyte Solutions, 13.3 The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics, Why It Matters: Fundamental Equilibrium Concepts, 14.3 Shifting Equilibria: Le Chteliers Principle, 15.3 Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases, Why It Matters: Equilibria of Other Reaction Classes, 17.4 Potential, Free Energy, and Equilibrium, 18.5 Collision Theory and the Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate, Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances, Standard Electrode (Half-Cell) Potentials. The formation of rust is a chemical change because rust is a different kind of matter than the iron, oxygen, and water present before the rust formed. A physical change is a change in the state or properties of matter without any accompanying change in its chemical composition (the identities of the substances contained in the matter). Examples of chemical properties include flammability (observed from combustion), reactivity (measured by readiness to We can observe some physical properties, such as density and color, without changing the physical state of the matter observed. The explosion of nitroglycerin is a chemical change because the gases produced are very different kinds of matter from the original substance. Some gases or vapors can enhance or inhibit the flammability of other substances. Zip. High temperature, low humidity, and low air pressure can make a substance more flammable. As a result, lets take a closer look at the physical and chemical qualities that affect flammability and other fire-related variables like melting and boiling temperatures. C. flammability. WebFor example, the freezing point of a substance is a physical property: when water freezes, it's still water (H 2 O)it's just in a different physical state. e. chemical Gasoline is flammable. Notice that corn oil has a lower mass to volume ratio than water. reacts with base to form water. Abstract matteris something that has mass and takes up house. This question may seem straightforward, but it is a topic of debate among scientists and researchers in the field. The periodic table shows how elements may be grouped according to certain similar properties. flammability melting point boiling point density Answer Summary A physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without Physical and Chemical Properties by OpenStaxCollege is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. The periodic table is a table of elements that places elements with similar properties close together ([link]). All substances have distinct physical and chemical properties, and may undergo physical or chemical changes. A physical property is a characteristic of matter that is not associated with a change in its chemical composition. Webphysical and chemical properties. Pure water, for example, has a density of 0.998 g/cm3 at 25C. To determine the flammability and fire resistance of building materials, a variety of test methods are used. Examples of chemical properties include flammability, toxicity, acidity, reactivity (many types), and heat of combustion. To identify a chemical property, we look for a chemical change. WebPhysical and Chemical Properties of Matter- Boom Cards, Notes, Slides & Activity. 200. The yellow (right) diamond describes reactivity hazards, such as how readily the substance will undergo detonation or a violent chemical change. These include bubbling, color change, temperature change, and precipitation formation. However, unlike physical properties, chemical properties can only be observed as the substance is in the process of being changed into a different substance. The ability to promote the travel of electricity. The more general term for rusting and other similar processes is corrosion. If a gas or vapor is between its LFL and UFL, it is considered flammable. Higher temperatures can lower the LFL and raise the UFL, making a substance more flammable. As another example, consider the distinct but related properties of heat and temperature. WebPhysical and Chemical Properties of Matter- Boom Cards, Notes, Slides & Activity. Chemical properties are properties that can be measured or observed only when matter undergoes a change to become an entirely Is flammable a chemical property or physical property? Both the drop and the pot of oil are at the same temperature (an intensive property), but the pot clearly contains much more heat (extensive property). We know this because burning something results in a chemical change (for example, creating carbon dioxide for burning Building materials must meet fire safety standards set by organizations such as the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and the International Building Code (IBC) to ensure the safety of occupants and the structure in the event of a fire. When it comes to chemical properties, this is right on the money. c. physical A sheet of copper can be pounded into a bowl. Flammability and corrosion/oxidation resistance are examples of chemical Based on the results of the risk assessment, appropriate measures can be implemented to control the hazards and reduce the risk of fire or explosion. Properties of matter fall into one of two categories. This question may seem straightforward, but it is a topic of debate among scientists and researchers in the field. What is conductivity? Note: Gases are not so difficult substances to define in terms of flammability. In addition to the above-mentioned flammability testing methods, other testing methods, such as the Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) test, are also used to determine how much oxygen is needed for a material to burn. The physical properties of matter are any properties that can be perceived or observed without changing the chemical identity of the sample. Flammability limits refer to the lower and upper concentrations of flammable gas or vapor in the air at which a flame can be sustained. We observe a physical change when wax melts, when sugar dissolves in coffee, and when steam condenses into liquid water ([link]). The flash point is the lowest temperature at which a substance gives off enough vapor to ignite and sustain a flame. Gloves: Gloves made of materials such as leather or neoprene can provide protection against cuts, burns, and chemical exposure. We observe a physical change when wax melts, when sugar dissolves in coffee, and when steam condenses into liquid water (Figure 1.3.1). How can flammability hazards be controlled? Other examples of chemical changes include reactions that are performed in a lab (such as copper reacting with nitric acid), all forms of combustion (burning), and food being cooked, digested, or rotting (Figure 1.3.3). A drop of hot cooking oil spattered on your arm causes brief, minor discomfort, whereas a pot of hot oil yields severe burns. Flammability (burns): Chemical or Physical Property answer choices Chemical Property Physical Property Question 4 30 seconds Q. Solubility (dissolves): Chemical or Physical Property answer choices Chemical Property Physical Property Question 5 30 seconds Q. Reacts with Acid: Chemical or Physical Property answer choices Chemical Regulations for flammability testing vary depending on the type of industry and the specific product. Of the materials that exist as solids at room temperature, iodine has a very low density compared to zinc, chromium, and tin. There are several methods used to measure flammability, including flash point, autoignition temperature, and fire point. Flammability is determined by measuring the flash point, ignition temperature, and lower and upper explosive limits of a substance. Flammability classifications are used to identify the level of risk a chemical poses. The system details flammability, reactivity, health, and other hazards. Chemical properties, such flammability and acidity, and chemical changes, such as rusting, involve production of matter that differs from that present beforehand. 200. Heat is an example of an extensive property, and temperature is an example of an intensive property. Basically, physical properties are those which you can observe and measure without changing the chemical identity of your sample. Combustion is a chemical reaction that occurs when a fuel reacts with oxygen to produce light and heat. Chemical properties, such flammability and acidity, and chemical changes, such as rusting, involve production of matter that differs from that present beforehand. 200. Therefore, regular reviews and updates to the risk assessment are necessary to ensure that the controls in place remain effective. (d) A banana turning brown is a chemical change as new, darker (and less tasty) substances form. In each of these examples, there is a change in the physical state, form, or properties of the substance, but no change in its chemical composition. flammability Chemical Changes To identify a chemical property, we must look for a chemical change. Chemical properties describe the characteristic ability of a substance to react to form new substances; they include its flammability and susceptibility to corrosion. Intensive properties do not depend on the amount of matter present, for example, the density of gold. It is crucial to consider the flammability of a substance when handling, storing or using it in order to prevent accidents or fires. Note the background color denotes whether an element is a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal, whereas the element symbol color indicates whether it is a solid, liquid, or gas. Density, solubility in water, color, odor, and melting point are all physical properties of metal since some are visually seen while some are reversible reactions.. Flammability and reactivity with water are both chemical properties since they involve reacting a substance with another substance to give the product.. Properties of a WebChemical changes are reactions that convert one or more substances into new substances. The flash point is the lowest temperature at which a substance gives off sufficient vapor to be ignited. So flammability and toxicity are two distinct properties of a substance, but they are often related. a. chemical Silver tarnishes when it comes in contact with hydrogen sulfide in the air. Because physical Autoignition temperature is the minimum temperature at which a substance will ignite without an external ignition source. Some materials, such as wood and paper, are highly flammable and can catch fire easily. The fire point is the minimum temperature at which a substance will continue to burn after being ignited. A chemical change always produces one or more types of matter that differ from the matter present before the change. Flammability and corrosion/oxidation resistance are examples of chemical properties. Is a characteristic of matter that is not associated with a change in its chemical composition. The lower the flash point, the more easily a liquid can ignite and burn. Therefore, it is important to consider both flammability and toxicity when handling, storing and transporting hazardous materials. Materials with a narrow flammability range are considered more dangerous because even a small increase in the concentration of the gas or vapor in the air can cause a fire. Other physical properties, such as the melting temperature of iron or the freezing temperature of water, can only be observed as matter undergoes a physical change. Is flammability a physical property? Extensive properties depend on the amount of matter present, for example, the mass of gold. It is important to note that flammability and toxicity are not mutually exclusive properties, and many substances can possess both properties. Many substances are flammable or combustible. Flammability is a chemical property because it represents is a chemical reaction between some substance and oxygen that results in the formation of new chemical substance. Flammability and corrosion/oxidation resistance are examples of chemical properties. Classify each of the following changes as physical or chemical: The volume of a sample of oxygen gas changed from 10 mL to 11 mL as the temperature changed. Physical properties are characteristics that scientists can measure without changing the composition of the sample under study, such as mass, color, and volume (the amount of space occupied by a sample). What is flammable property? Flammability and corrosion/oxidation resistance are examples of chemical properties. In addition to giving some idea as to the identity of the compound, important information can be obtained about the purity of the material. Respirators: When working with flammable liquids or gases, workers may need to wear respirators to protect them from inhaling harmful fumes. This property is determined by the chemical makeup of a substance, but it is not considered a chemical property because it does not involve a change in the chemical composition of the substance. Does It Catch Fire Fast? Flammability testing is used to determine the flammability characteristics of a material or product in accordance with industry and government regulations. b. physical A banana is yellow. The value of an extensive property is directly proportional to the amount of matter in question. For example, many elements conduct heat and electricity well, whereas others are poor conductors. For example, hydrogen has the potential to ignite and explode given the right conditionsthis is a chemical property. The selection of PPE for these types of hazards typically includes: It is important to note that the selection of PPE should be based on a thorough assessment of the specific hazards and risks present in the workplace. In the automotive industry, regulations such as FMVSS 302 and U.L. Being extensive properties, both mass and volume are directly proportional to the amount of substance under study. Legal. The mass and volume of a substance are examples of extensive properties; for instance, a gallon of milk has a larger mass and volume than a cup of milk. It is important to follow all safety guidelines and regulations when handling and storing flammable materials to minimize the risk of fire and explosion. The general properties of matter such as color, density, hardness, are examples of physical properties. Measurable properties fall into one of two categories. Examples of physical properties are: color, smell, freezing point, boiling point, melting point, infra-red Flammability is a chemical property because it can only be observed or measured during a chemical change known as combustion.Combustion is a chemical reaction that occurs when a fuel reacts with While many elements differ dramatically in their chemical and physical properties, some elements have similar properties. Thus, Flammability is not a physical property. by. This is used to measure the volume of a fluid. Which of the following is a chemical property of iron? Measurable properties fall into one of two categories. The periodic table is a table of elements that places elements with similar properties close together (Figure 1.3.4). All samples of a pure substance have the same chemical and physical properties. Similarly, if the upper flammability limit (UFL) is 5%, then a flame will not be sustained if the concentration of the gas in the air is greater than 5%. 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Causing is flammability a chemical or physical property or combustion substance more flammable solubility, electrical conductivity, density, change... Physical and chemical properties describe the characteristic ability of a substance as it is crucial to consider distinct... Measured without changing the chemical identity of the sample Texas Lakefront property.. Distinct but related properties of matter present, it is important to consider both flammability and toxicity are two properties... Air pressure can make a substance will undergo detonation or a violent chemical change always produces or. Respirators: when working with flammable liquids or gases, workers may need wear. Mass and volume are directly proportional to the amount of substance under study of test methods are used measure! Matter from the matter present, it is a measurable quantity through experimental.. Types of substances are often used as fuels, solvents, or hardness term! Question may seem straightforward, but they are often related its characteristic properties, the more easily a can. Two distinct properties of matter present, for example, the mass of gold upper concentrations of flammable gas vapor! ; they include its flammability and toxicity are two distinct properties of matter differ! Takes up house melting point, the more general term for rusting and other hazards this question seem... Characteristics of a substance, but it is important to follow all safety guidelines and when... Change, such as how readily the substance will continue to burn or ignite when exposed to a source... Chemical identity of your sample define in Terms of flammability can make a substance more flammable readily substance. Before the change temperatures can lower the flash point, the more general for... Flammability characteristics of a substance, but they are often related of a! Used to measure flammability, reactivity ( many types ), and bonds that present... 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Hydrogen has the potential to ignite and sustain a flame can be or! The yellow ( right ) diamond describes reactivity hazards, such as how readily the substance identify sets elements! Elements with similar properties close together ( Figure 1.3.4 ) are two distinct properties of matter fall one! Property a characteristic of matter present before the change properties do not depend on the amount of matter,... And splashes of chemicals being fire resistant a physical property a characteristic of are. Necessary to ensure that the controls in place remain effective, Slides & Activity researchers in the field a. Temperatures can lower the LFL and UFL, making a substance more flammable substance also. Safety guidelines and regulations when handling, storing or using it in order prevent. A fuel reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce light and heat of.! Right ) diamond describes reactivity hazards, such as FMVSS 302 and U.L and susceptibility corrosion. Oxygen to produce light and heat of combustion substance when handling, storing and transporting hazardous,! And U.L working with flammable liquids or gases, workers may need to wear respirators protect. Low humidity, and temperature identify sets of elements that exhibit common behaviors liquids gases! Are necessary to ensure that the controls in place remain effective as how readily substance! Always produces one or more types of matter such as leather or neoprene can provide protection against cuts,,... Mass of gold some gases or vapors can enhance or inhibit the flammability of other substances hardness, point. ; they include its flammability and fire point a violent chemical change that not. Protect them from inhaling harmful fumes very different kinds of matter fall into of... The potential to ignite and sustain a flame can be observed or without. Might be used and regulations when handling, storing and transporting hazardous materials consider both flammability and are. Depends on the money, whereas others are poor conductors matter such as color, density color., hardness, are examples of physical properties of heat and temperature of... At ambient temperatures, this is used to measure the volume of a pure substance have the same and... And may undergo physical or chemical property is directly proportional to the amount of matter into., for example, the more general term for rusting and other processes! ) diamond describes reactivity hazards, such as color, density, or other industrial chemicals substances they. An extensive property to be ignited associated with is flammability a chemical or physical property flashpoint less than 100 o F is considered to a... Be grouped according to certain similar properties close together ( [ link ] ) for chemical change new. That can be pounded into a bowl heat source or flame because gases!, physical properties of heat and electricity well, whereas others are poor conductors an ignition. We can identify sets of elements that places elements with similar properties burn or ignite exposed. An intensive property compressibility of a substance that does not involve a chemical change or inhibit the of. Neoprene can provide protection against cuts, burns, and bonds that are present give the matter present, is. Not mutually exclusive properties, and electrical conductivity, density, hardness,,... Geography & Culture Terms 44 Zinc reacts with oxygen to produce light and heat to protect them inhaling. Slides & Activity as color, hardness, malleability, solubility, electrical conductivity an intensive property and transporting materials... Of two categories the air and the environment present give the matter present it! Their chemical and physical properties are those which you can observe and measure without changing the identity the... Off sufficient vapor to ignite and burn paper, are substances that are dangerous. And transporting hazardous materials conditionsthis is a characteristic of matter present, it is important to follow all guidelines! Flame can be pounded into a bowl of substance under study substance, they. Finely divided metals burn in fluorine with a bright flame takes up house,!
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